A major advancement in cancer detection is on the horizon as NHS England prepares to roll out an innovative liquid biopsy blood test—offering renewed hope for lung and breast cancer patients. This world-first test will analyse tumour DNA circulating in the bloodstream, allowing doctors to identify genetic mutations quickly and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

Initially intended for patients with non-small cell lung cancer—the most prevalent type—the test will soon expand to include breast cancer patients as well. It is expected to benefit up to 15,000 individuals annually by eliminating the need for invasive tissue biopsies and significantly reducing diagnosis and treatment delays.

While this breakthrough promises better outcomes, awareness of early symptoms remains crucial for timely intervention. Health experts warn that lung cancer often begins with subtle signs, many of which are easy to dismiss. Here’s what to watch for:

1. Shortness of Breath

If you suddenly find yourself winded during everyday activities that used to feel easy, don’t ignore it. Trouble breathing can indicate that something more serious is going on with your lungs.

2. Recurring Chest Infections

Persistent or recurring chest infections—especially those resistant to treatment—could be more than just a seasonal bug. This is a potential early sign of lung cancer.

3. A Persistent Cough

A lingering cough that doesn’t go away, or worsens over time, should raise concern. Especially if it doesn’t improve with medication, it warrants medical attention.

4. Coughing Up Blood

Even a small amount of blood in your phlegm can be significant. This alarming symptom should never be overlooked.

5. Unexplained Fatigue

Feeling constantly tired for no apparent reason—even after resting—may be an early warning sign. Persistent fatigue is one of the more general but important symptoms of many cancers.

6. Unintended Weight Loss

Losing weight without changing your diet or activity level can be a signal that your body is fighting a more serious condition.

7. Loss of Appetite

A sudden drop in appetite—eating less than usual or feeling full quickly—can indicate something more than just a passing issue.

8. Unexplained Pain

Pain in the chest or shoulder that gradually worsens, particularly when persistent, may be an overlooked sign of early lung cancer.

9. Changes in Voice

A hoarse or raspy voice that doesn’t improve within a few weeks could point to a tumour affecting the vocal cords or surrounding nerves.

Stay Vigilant

Dr Jenny Messenger of Nuffield Health Brighton Hospital reminds us that while smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, other factors—such as genetics, pollution, asbestos exposure, and obesity—can also play a role.

“Early diagnosis makes a huge difference,” adds Dr Rachel Orritt of Cancer Research UK. “If you notice any of these symptoms that are new or lingering, don’t delay seeking medical advice. Most of the time, it’s not cancer—but if it is, catching it early is vital.”

With promising diagnostic tools like the new blood test and a better understanding of early signs, the path to quicker and more accurate treatment is becoming clearer than ever.