Loneliness and social isolation may be doing more than just affecting mental health—they could be significantly raising the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among older adults, according to a new study by the University of Southern California (USC).

Published in the Journal of Aging and Health, the research examined data from nearly 3,800 individuals between the ages of 60 and 84. The results revealed that people who felt persistently lonely or socially disconnected were 34% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, and their blood glucose levels were 75% more likely to enter the abnormal range.

“These findings highlight how social experiences can translate into serious physiological conditions,” said the study’s lead author. “Loneliness and isolation should not be dismissed as emotional issues—they carry tangible health risks.”

Not Just About Being Alone

The researchers distinguished between two critical factors: social isolation, a lack of contact with others, and loneliness, the subjective feeling of being alone. Both were strongly associated with chronic health outcomes, including weakened immunity, heart disease, and now, type 2 diabetes.

This builds on prior research, such as a University of Cambridge study earlier this year, which found loneliness significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. A 2023 study from Harbin Medical University in China similarly linked social disconnection to higher mortality risk, unhealthy lifestyles, and poor immune function.

A Wake-Up Call for Ageing Societies

As populations age globally, researchers are warning that governments need to rethink how public health strategies address loneliness. In countries like Pakistan—where elderly care infrastructure is still developing—experts are urging immediate policy interventions.

“Loneliness isn’t just a private sorrow. It’s a public health issue,” said Dr. Sameena Khwaja, a Lahore-based public health expert. “We must develop systems that actively support older adults through community engagement, intergenerational programs, and inclusive social spaces.”

A Hidden Risk in Diabetes Epidemic

With over 400 million people living with type 2 diabetes worldwide, according to the World Health Organization, this new research suggests that emotional and social factors could be playing a much larger role in the disease’s development than previously thought.

While researchers stress the need for additional studies, they argue there’s already enough evidence to consider loneliness and isolation as key modifiable risk factors—much like diet, exercise, or smoking.

“Treating social disconnection as part of diabetes prevention could open new doors in managing chronic illnesses,” the USC study concluded. “It’s time we broaden our view of healthcare to include emotional and social well-being.”