House Republicans Struggle to Unite Behind Trump’s Sweeping Tax-Cut BillBill faces setbacks over cost and Medicaid cuts as July 4 deadline looms

House Republicans are facing internal divisions as they attempt to advance President Donald Trump’s sweeping tax-cut and spending package—dubbed the One Big Beautiful Bill—ahead of the July 4 holiday deadline. Despite progress on procedural steps, opposition from fiscal conservatives continues to threaten its passage.

On Wednesday, lawmakers held a critical procedural vote open for over seven hours as Speaker Mike Johnson and President Trump worked to sway Republican holdouts. The rule eventually passed 220–212 strictly along party lines, suggesting possible momentum. However, a subsequent vote on another preliminary measure faltered when five Republicans broke ranks—enough to stall the bill’s progress again.

Trump voiced his growing impatience in a late-night post on Truth Social:

“Largest Tax Cuts in History and a Booming Economy vs. Biggest Tax Increase in History, and a Failed Economy. What are the Republicans waiting for??? MAGA IS NOT HAPPY, AND IT’S COSTING YOU VOTES.”

The proposed legislation, already passed in the Senate by a razor-thin margin, would add an estimated $3.4 trillion to the national debt over the next decade, according to nonpartisan analysts. It includes an extension of Trump’s 2017 tax cuts, steep reductions in social safety net programs like Medicaid and food assistance, expanded immigration enforcement funding, and the elimination of green-energy subsidies. It also raises the debt ceiling by $5 trillion to prevent a government default later this year.

Despite the bill’s broad scope, Republican unity remains fragile. Representative Andy Harris of Maryland, a leading member of the Freedom Caucus, confirmed his opposition to the current version.

“He knows I’m a ‘no.’ He knows that I don’t believe there are the votes to pass this rule the way it is,” Harris told reporters.

Trump met personally with some dissenting Republicans at the White House to try to salvage support. House Majority Whip Tom Emmer remained optimistic:

“There’s going to be a vote tonight… we’ll finish voting on the rule, and then we’ll do the debate. We’ll vote on the bill.”

Democrats, meanwhile, remain unanimously opposed. They argue the legislation would worsen inequality by offering massive tax breaks to the wealthy while stripping essential services from millions. The Congressional Budget Office warned that nearly 12 million people could lose health insurance due to the Medicaid cuts.

“This bill is catastrophic. It is not policy—it is punishment,” said Democratic Representative Jim McGovern during floor debate.

Although Republicans control the House by a slim 220–212 margin, Speaker Johnson can only afford three defections. Any amendments made in the House would require Senate approval again, making Trump’s self-imposed July 4 deadline even harder to meet.

Despite the turmoil, Trump and Republican leadership appear determined to push forward with what they call the largest tax and spending overhaul of his presidency—one that could reshape U.S. fiscal policy for years to come.

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